British flexibility and french centralisation resulted in educational attainment differences that persist across one border even among some cohorts of the current workforce. The society for the propagation of the gospel in foreign parts, the moravian mission, the mission of bremen, the methodists, and roman catholic missionaries all established themselves on the gold coast between 1820 and 1881. Apr 28, 2017 state the differences between the british and french systems of administration answers i while the british mainly used indirect rule, the french adopted the policy of assimilation and later association. Indirect rule used local chiefs in administration while.
In louisiana, by 1763 there were approximately 10,000 settlers, including 5,000 slaves and acadians. Under british rule, elites remained to be subjects while under french rule, assimilies attained full civil and political rights. These dependencies were often called protectorates or trucial states. Nevertheless there were such fundamental differences between the french and british systems that, even if both did make use of chiefs, it is not possible to place the french system of native administration in the same category as british indirect rule. No other area in africa of equal size offers such variety of topography, climate, language, and religion. Blanton, mason, and athow 2001, in their paper colonial style and post colonial ethnic conflict in africa compare british direct rule with french indirect rule and conclude. What are the similarities between the colonial governments. In both, africans were subjected to oppressive colonial laws such as taxation and forced labour. Some similarities between the british and french were that they were western powers that wanted to imperialize.
Comparing british and french colonial legacies 3 to identify the effects of colonial legacy, we focus on one case, the west african nation of cameroon. Indirect rule is a weaker form of government, because it allows some of the local people under appointment to make decisions regarding the codification of the law. French ideas about colonial policy as in many things were dividedassimilation association. What is the difference between an indirect rule and direct. British allowed traditional rulers to wield more powers while the french undermined traditional african leadership structures. Explain the differences between the french assimilation. From the ashes of pharaohs to the berlin conference 1. The british and the french have already acquired a fund of experience as a result. New spain, new france, and british north america the spanish, french, and english all established major colonial settlements in north america in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries.
The great colonial empires and conflicts between the powers european colonial empires were born in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries. The most obvious of these is that the united kingdom is a parliamentary constitutional monarchy and that france is a semipresidential republic. Colonial administrative systems were the ways of controlling and maintaining colonial power in colonies after the establishment of colonialism. Originally colonized by germany, cameroon was divided between britain and france during world war i at a boundary that was unrelated to existing political, economic, demographic, and physical. French approaches in colonial policy saint marys university. Oct 06, 20 given this increasingly obvious difference between francophone and anglophone africans, i decided to read up on the differences between british and french colonial rule in west africa. The famous four communes in senegal were seen as proof of this. Comparing british and french colonial legacies social sciences. The french drive for assimilation versus the british maintenance of a separate colonial sphere only made a difference for some people from the four communes of senegal and about 500 others across the entire french african empire. Comparing british and french colonial legacies university of. Feb 09, 2009 when former british colonies were granted independence they were also set up with a new government that was codified in what was called the westminster constitution. Firstly portuguese and spanish, then french, english and dutch, europeans conquered vast territories in other continents.
Jan 02, 2018 similarities between assimilation policy and association policy both created economic dependence. Download citation comparing british and french colonial legacies. What are the differences between the french and british. Given this increasingly obvious difference between francophone and anglophone africans, i decided to read up on the differences between british and french colonial rule in west africa. British and french colonialism in africa, asia and the middle east. England is originally known to have started colonizing for the sake of building an empire and keep so to keep up in the race with france moran 34. Political structure as a legacy of indirect colonial rule. Pdf similarities and differences in the french and british models. Tolerance of local laws except in the case of killing and outrageous punishments or customs e.
By this system, the daytoday government and administration of areas both small and large were left. Assimilation was one ideological basis of french colonial policy in the 19th and 20th centuries. Pdf similarities and differences in the french and. Usually, administrative and social laws not pertaining to the ruling authoritys interests are left to the citizens under this system. The british and the french had very different colonial policies with the latter being more equal, if you can say such a thing about a country taking over another nation. Both methods emphasized the superiority of the colonial master and his overlord ship in africa. Their settlers crossed the atlantic ocean for different reasons, and the governments used different approaches in their colonies elliott, 2007. Colonialism and colonial administrative system in africa. Similarities and differences between the british and french colonial administrative policies similarities. In the british african territories there was a more general attempt to develop systems of indirect rule. Colonialists including germany, french, british, portugal, belgium etc. Washington and indian allies attacked a french position at a location known as jumonville glen. The british mainly used indirect rule while the french adopted the policy of assimilation and later association. Colonial military expeditions led to genocide and forced migrations of people among the agikuyu, abagusii, the nandi, ababukusu, giriama and all the others who met colonial force with force.
The british on the other hand relied on indirect rule. Monarchs under british and french colonial rule, 18151955 oxford. Colonial policies of the british and french in africa. African countries especially west african countries which got independent in early 1960s, they still depend and have financial relation with their former colonial master french since french is their source of market for their crops. The task of ruling so conglomerate an empire will certainly not be easy. In canada the french population totaled just under 40,000 by 1734. Get an answer for discuss the similarities and differences in the way the british and french empires administered their colonies before 1763. The main differences between the french and british systems of colonial rule in africa was the way the treated the people. French policy was never as assimilationist as it pretended to be. Colonial conquest led to loss of sovereignty as colonial rulers replaced indigenous leaders. Dec 30, 2016 similarities and differences between the british and french colonial administrative policies similarities. Within a few minutes, 10 frenchmen were killed and 21 wounded.
Kisangani kansas state university, manhattan, kansas, usa keywords. The worlds colonial population at the time of the first world war totalled about 560 million people, of whom 70% were in british domains, 10% in french, 9% in dutch, 4% in japanese, 2% in german, 2% in american, 2% in portuguese, 1% in belgian and 12 of 1% in italian possessions. Then followed the lieutenantgovernor based in all the territories. Education education in british colonies and former colonies. The french, however ruled with direct rule, like when they controlled vietnam. Alexander lee and kenneth schultz 2012 also study the border between former french and british cameroon, using presentday survey data, and find that households located in the former british.
Yet limited forms of british colonialism distorted existing institutions in ways that greatly hindered future development. What are the differences between french and british political. International african institute middlebury college. By 1754 total population in the english colonies had grown to 1. Athow and blanton 2002 find that african trade patterns established during the colonial period have tended to persist well after independence, with former british and particularly french. Njoh argued that in spite of ideological and philosophical differences in policies and planning between british and french colonial africa, urban segregation manifested itself in very similar ways. Results indicate that, after controlling for other salient factors, a british colonial legacy is. Discuss the similarities and differences in the way the. What are the similarities of the british and french. Great britain ruled with indirect rule, like when britain controlled the boers. British and french styles of influence in colonial and. Similarities and differences between british, french and.
Despite conversion efforts of missionaries, french respect for native americans allowed many to forge alliances, especially in their wars against the british. Compare and contrast spanish and british colonization efforts in north america prior to 1763. Portuguese explorations of the late fifteenth century, only by the middle of the. British and french colonial technique in west africa. Differences england spain france similarities english colonies only had a little bit of land england actually set up the colonies as a home english settlers immigrated for religious reasons english settlers had more economic opertunities french settlers.
Similarities and differences between the british and. What are the similarities and differences between british and. By calling attention to some of the signposts of british and french colonial. Indirect rule preserved african culture while assimilation undermined african cultures. France fought in the algerian war for eight years because as a settler colony algerian independence would mean the loss of wealth and status among french elite. British administration system was comprised of both professionals and nonprofessionals while the french system was majorly comprised of military officers with low educational qualifications. The europeans were in charge and took all senior positions. Introduction naturally, human beings are in the habit of making comparison of the things that are around them particularly when such things exist in different places. May 07, 2011 colonial policies of the british and french in africa. Decision making taken at a lower and local level in british colonies. Similarities and differences between the british and french. Compare and contrast the british, french and spanish.
Compare and contrast spanish and british colonization. About the only differences were thus mainly philosophical and theoretical at least in colonial africa. The similarities between the french and the british colonial administrations. Colonial institutions are thought to be an important determinate of postindependence levels of political stability, economic growth, and public goods provision. In both cases, policy making was done at home by the metropolitan governments. To provide quick, safe and convenient means of transport for government administratorstroops. A few days later the french retaliated against washingtons position, and.
Colonial institutions are thought to be an important determinate of pos tindependence levels of political stability, economic growth, and public goods provision. Whats the difference between the french and british. Get an answer for compare and contrast british and french imperialism regarding such things as governing philosophies and the impact upon the colonial populations. In contrast with british imperial policy, the french taught their subjects that, by adopting french language and culture, they could eventually become french. What are the similarities of the british and french methods of the. Comparing colonial water provision in british and french. Most of these insights are from derwent whittleseys article british and french colonial technique in west africa january 1937 of foreign affairs. The most important differences between britain and france from an international viewpoint was that the french empire had traditionally been much tighter than that of the british. This reflected in some degree the earlier disinterest of the british government in political expansion overseas. State the differences between the british and french systems. Similarities and differences between british, french and spanish colonies of north america spain, england, and france were the primary countries that struggled to control the continent. By 1627 virginia had approxi mately 1,000 settlers.
The annexation of ethiopia has presented the italian government with a tremendous problem in colonial administration. May 17, 2014 this column presents evidence on the impact of british and french colonial education policies in west africa. In the british colonies, as elsewhere, religious missions were instrumental in introducing europeanstyle education. Normally, only a few hundred british supervisors were in charge of administering indirect rule in each colony ibid. Both english men and french men came to the newworld with the aim of enriching their mother countries. Indirect rule was a system of governance used by the british and french to control parts of their colonial empires, particularly in africa and asia, through preexisting indigenous power structures. The british and the french have already acquired a fund of experience as a result of their. Conversely, more extensive british colonialism introduced a rule of law, effective administration, and competitive markets, promoting development in the postcolonial period.
Colonial system of administration in kenya atika school. Kong and author of the forthcoming book shipping between empires. The british and the french have already acquired a fund of. Lange, mahoney and hau 2006 argue that higher levels of development in pre colonial societies encouraged low levels of british colonialism. What are the similarities and differences between british. How decolonisation in british and french colonies differ. Tobacco was the main source of rev enue in the virginia and north carolina colonies. No british public school or grammar school at that time would have accepted an african as a teacher no matter how brilliant. In less than a century, from 1625 to 1700, the movements of peoples and goods from europe to north america transformed the continent. Results indicate that, after controlling for other salient factors, a british colonial legacy is positively associated with ethnic conflict. Administrative structure colonies lands acquired before the conquest british citizens territories protectorate lands.
This constitution was a virtual carbon copy of the government of the uk. They sent oficials and soldiers from france to rule the colony. French approaches in colonial policy ostensibly, french colonial administration is usually characterised as more direct rule compared to the british. British and french educational legacies in africa vox, cepr. Compare and contrast british and french imperialism. British and french colonial technique in west africa foreign affairs. In each colony, settlement revolved around some sort of trade plantations and mining in new spain, the fur trade. The first skirmish between the french and washingtons men took place not far from the fort. British vs french colonial rule in west africa obolobo. It must be emphasized that we are comparing different forms of colonial rule. Explain the differences between the french assimilation policy and the british system of administration. Contrast differences between the british indirect rule and the french assimilation policy indirect rule was applied by the british while assimilation policy was applied by the french. The similarities between the french and the british colonial administrations to help stop slave trade since slaves would no longer be needed to ferry goods to and from the coast.
In particular, many scholars have suggested that british institutional and cultural legacies are more conducive to growth than those of france or other colonizers. Under the french there was a colonial minister based in france below whom there was a governorgeneral based in dakar. With the influx of british settlers during the interwar period, most notably in kenya and rhodesia, the colonial governments role changed. Prior to 1763, both spanish and british colonization efforts expanded into various regions of north america. Botswana and nigeria same colonial legacy but different paths.